The beginning of June 1944 is a decisive moment in Italy. On June 4th the allied forces free the city of Rome, capital of the kingdom which Vittorio Emanuele III and General Badoglio had abandoned following the announcement of the armistice on September 8th, 1943, a city later occupied by the Germans. At this point in time Italy is still divided in two: the center-south is under the monarchy and the allied forces. The center-north is the so called Italian Social Republic lead by Mussolini and controlled by the Germans.The situation is however changing: the German troops continue their retreat toward the gothic line whilst the allied forces continue to march northbound ending the German occupation. In this perspective the armed resistance becomes stronger in the month of June. In this historical context D-Day represents the opening of a “second front”, a front long awaited, and confirms the hypothesis of a soon to come defeat of the Germans while strengthening the military and political expectations. We know however, that the declaration of General Alexander will bring these expectations to an end. Northern Italy will endure another difficult winter under the German occupation.